Abstract
Extremely low gestational age newborns, born before 28 weeks of gestation, have a significant risk for medical complications and developmental disabilities, stressing the need to closely follow their health and development. In Belgium, the neurodevelopmental follow-up of these infants is organized according to a RIZIV-INAMI Convention. On the order hand, the general pediatrician also has an essential role in the prevention and diagnosis of complications and in supporting the families. This article provides an overview of the short- and long-term complications these children can present with.