Rare but not to be missed : acute focal cerebral lesions in two children with new-onset diabetic ketoacidosis.

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes Mellitus can present with ketoacidosis, a severe condition responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality. Neurological complications arise in approximately 1% of cases, essentially in the form of cerebral edema, and less frequently ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Here we report two cases; both children had severe ketoacidosis at onset of the disease and were admitted with altered consciousness. The first child presented with cerebral edema rapidly diagnosed and treated; he developed left hemiparesis with evidence of ischemic sequelae on the brain MRI. The second child presented a Parinaud syndrome which led to diagnosis of ischemic stroke.